APRIL 2014 UNEMPLOYMENT DATA*
(U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS)
OFFICIAL UNEMPLOYMENT: 6.3%*
A year earlier, the number of unemployed persons was 11.7 million,
and the jobless rate was 7.5 percent. [BLS]
| White |
5.3% |
| African American |
11.6% |
| Hispanic |
7.3% |
| Asian** |
5.7% |
| Persons with a disability** |
12.5% |
| Men 20 years and over |
5.9% |
| Women 20 years and over |
5.7% |
| Teens (16-19 years) |
19.1% |
| Black teens |
36.8% |
| Officially unemployed |
9.8 million |
*If the LFPR were at its pre-recession level, the unemployment rate in March 2014 would have been 9.8% instead of 6.7%. [See “The Labor Force Participation Rate and Its Trajectory”]
HIDDEN UNEMPLOYMENT
| Working part-time because can’t find a full-time job: | 7.5 million |
| People who want jobs but are not looking so are not counted in official statistics (of which about 2.2 million** searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available for work during the reference week.) | 6.1 million |
| Total: 23.4 million (14.5% of the labor force) | |
Source: http://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/empsit.pdf See also Current Employment Statistics–Highlights
**Not seasonally adjusted.
*See Uncommon Sense #4 for an explanation of the unemployment measures, and Is the Decline in the Labor Force Participation Rate During This Recession Permanent?.
In addition, millions more were working full-time, year-round, yet earned less than the official poverty level for a family of four. In 2012, the latest year available, that number was 18.0 million, 17.5 percent of full-time, full-year workers (estimated from Current Population Survey, Bur. of the Census, 9/2013).
In February 2014, the latest month available, the number of job openings was 4.2 million, “up from 3.9 million in January”. “The number of openings rose for total private and was little changed for government. The number of job openings increased in retail trade and in porfessional and business services, while the number decreased in arts, entertainment, and recreation. The South region experienced a rise in job openings in February.”Job Openings and Labor Turnover Summary, April 8, 2014.+
Thus there are nearly 6 job-wanters for each available job.
THE MISSING PART OF THE UNEMPLOYMENT STORY
Private Payroll Employment Has Grown For 50 Months
(cbpp 5/2)
Long-Term Unemployment Near Historic Highs
(cbpp 5/2)
Employment to Population Ratio Remains Depressed (cbpp 5/2)
Missing Jobs: How many jobs
we should have had
If Missing Young Workers Were Looking
GDP Fell Far Below What the Economy
Was Capable of Producing
+“The number of job openings (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the year for total nonfarm and private and was little changed for government. Over the year, the number job openings increased in three industries and decreased in three industries. The Midwest and West regions experienced an increase in the number of job opernings over the 12 months ending in February.” (http://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/jolts.pdf)