September 5, 2025
Unemployment data–August 2025 Charts Related to BLS Employment Release Top ten charts 0f 2024 AEA STATE of WORKING AMERICA Data Library, EPI
Baker, CEPR 9/5/2025 “Job Growth Weak Again in August, as Unemployment Edges Up to 4.3 Percent. The economy added just 22,000 jobs in the month, with all of them coming in health care…..the rate of [annualized] wage growth for low-paid non-supervisory restaurant workers has been just 3.2 percent. With inflation rising more rapidly, this will mean limited real wage growth…..The unemployment rate for Black teens rose to 24.8 percent, the highest since May 2020 when we were still in the pandemic shutdown period. These data are highly erratic, but there can be little doubt there has been a sharp increase in the unemployment rate for Black workers this year. This divergence is extraordinary. The unemployment rate for Black workers will usually rise more than for whites when the labor market weakens, but they usually move in the same direction…..Reported employment of foreign-born people is now down by 822,000 year-over-year. This is largely reporting, since many immigrants are now hesitant to answer the survey. The corresponding rise of 2,762,000 in native-born employment is a statistical illusion, since native-born population is driven by the population controls put into the survey from Census data, minus the reported foreign-born population. If fewer immigrants answer the survey, it will mechanically lead to a rise in the number of native-born workers. ”
EPI jobs blog, 9/5/25: “Another weak jobs report fuels fears of a recession. The labor market continues to soften…. Payroll employment grew only 22,000 in August and revisions now show employment losses for June (-13,000). Over the last three months, job growth has slowed to just 29,000 on average…..Federal cuts continue to cost jobs as federal employment fell another 15k in August. Federal employment is now down 97k since January. The full extent of the federal job losses won’t be seen until we get data for October after thousands more leave federal payrolls on September 30.” Elise Gould@elisegould.bsky.social
Romm & Casselman, NY Times, 9/5/25 “Second Weak Jobs Report Undercuts Trump’s Claims of a Booming Economy. the sum of Mr. Trump’s high tariffs and mass deportations appear to have created noticeable pressure on employers…..Analysts offered a variety of explanations for the slowdown. The president’s tariffs on nearly all imports have driven up costs for companies and prices for consumers. Mr. Trump’s immigration crackdown has made it harder for many businesses to find workers, while simultaneously reducing the need for them because they now have fewer customers. The federal government has cut jobs directly and canceled grants and contracts that have bled into the private sector. The uncertainty surrounding Mr. Trump’s ever-shifting policies has made corporate executives more cautious about hiring and investing. DePillis, Labor Market Stalled This Summer, With August Data Adding to Slowdown. ….“The best thing for our economy would be to have some certainty on the cost of goods, because a lot of business decisions are being distorted by tariffs,” said Sara Rutledge, an independent economic consultant. “Cutting rates could spur more inflation, and that’s my concern.” The only sector hiring significantly is also among the least exposed to tariffs: health care…..For people who find themselves without jobs, getting back into the labor market is becoming increasingly difficult.”
Hoff, Business Insider, 9/5/25 “Job growth badly missed expectations in August, and unemployment ticked up Revisions showed the first monthly job loss since December 2020. June’s growth was revised from 14,000 to a loss of 13,000, and July’s topline figure was revised slightly up from 73,000 to 79,000. “With these revisions, employment in June and July combined is 21,000 lower than previously reported,” BLS said…..Before the release, parts of the BLS’ website were reportedly offline. That glitch comes as more scrutiny is on the Bureau’s data after President Donald Trump fired former Commissioner Erika McEntarfer after a disappointing July report.
Bloomberg, 9/5/25 “There’s no question they’re going to cut a quarter point,” said Diane Swonk, chief economist for KPMG. “This underscores that the cracks in the labor market are getting wider and that is problematic…..Even prior to the latest jobs report, a substantial slowdown in payroll growth over the summer had prompted comments from Fed Chair Jerome Powell and other policymakers that the balance of risks was shifting away from inflation and toward unemployment…..Even prior to the latest jobs report, a substantial slowdown in payroll growth over the summer had prompted comments from Fed Chair Jerome Powell and other policymakers that the balance of risks was shifting away from inflation and toward unemployment…..The divergence of the Fed’s two mandates — with the labor market weakening while inflation remains above its 2% target — is a dreaded situation for central bankers, but also one they forecast a few months ago.”
ZeroHedge, 9/5/25 “US Job Growth Collapses To Just 22K, Unemployment Rate Rises To 4.3% Putting 50bps Rate Cut In Play….in August the US added only 22K jobs, a big drop from the upward revised 79K (from 73K previously) but more importantly June was revised from 27K to -13K, ushering in the first negative jobs print since 2020…..Just as importantly, the payrolls number came in far below Wall Street estimates of a 75K print. In fact, it was higher than just one of the 80 estimates provided to Bloomberg.”
Baker and Cai, Masking Real Unemployment: The Overall and Racial Impact of Survey Non-Response on Measured Labor Market Outcomes, 3/21
Flexible work: What workers, especially low-wage workers, really want and how best to provide it, Poydock et al, EPI 7/24 Summary: Many workers, especially low-wage workers, aren’t getting key benefits they want—such as paid leave and predictable schedules—because lawmakers are letting companies and employers get away with anti-worker practices.
American Capitalism Has Produced Its Most Remarkable Innovation Yet: Breadlines Savage, Jacobin 5/23 “As one commentator succinctly put it: ‘1) Too many people have jobs so the [Federal Reserve] raises rates to boost unemployment in the name of taming inflation. 2) People lose their jobs, making them need food stamps. 3) Politicians demand those same people get jobs to be eligible for food stamps, but the jobs are now harder to get.'” See a Bloomberg report on lines at food banks. One such line outside a Boston Red Cross facility “stretched the length of two football fields.”
Bivens & Shierholz, EPI 12/18 What labor market changes have generated inequality and wage suppression?
Equitable Growth Research showing rising mortality rates among white Americans suggests that increasing economic insecurity for this group may play a role in increasing mortality. New research shows that one form of insecurity—higher unemployment rates—is strongly associated with higher opioid death rates. The paper, … a National Bureau of Economic Research working paper, looks at the connection between unemployment and opioid abuse.
The EMRATIO [the ratio of employed to the the civilian noninstitutional population aged 16 years and over] that is employed.has not fully recovered its pre-crisis level as of 3/24. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?graph_id=453007#0
Labor force participation rate [labor force as a % of civilian noninstitutional population] recovery since the recession by age, Fed. Res., St Louis. Note: except for those 55 and over, labor force participation rates have not yet recovered pre-crisis levels. 9/19 data. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?graph_id=316679#0
Full-time workers: http://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cpseea06.htm
Why Do Americans Work So Many Hours?, Taylor, Conversable Ecomomist 9/25
How a Historic Immigration Drop Is Changing the Job Market; Lack of newcomers keeps unemployment low for now but will undercut long-run growth if it persists Kiernan, WSJ, 8/24/25
Trump’s firing of BLS commissioner is undemocratic and economically dangerous, Shierholz, EPI 8/1/25
The effects of AI on firms and workers, Babina & Fedyk, Brookings, 7/25
Many older workers have difficult jobs that put them at risk Working longer is not a viable solution to the retirement crisis, Morrissey, EPI 5/23
Worker Rights and Wages Policy Watch, EPI
Blue Collar Jobs Tracker, CEPR
The Big Shift From Salaries to Bonus-Based Pay, Fuhrmans, WSJ9/24
How Many Weeks of Unemployment Compensation Are Available? CBPP, 6/24
Job Openings Rise in December But Quits Tell the Real Story Mishtalk, 1/24
Union Reformers Made Labor History in 2023. They’re Just Getting Started, Eidlin, In These Times, 1/24
Why Criminal Justice Reform Is Becoming a Corporate Priority, Maddox DMag. 9/23
New Data on Formerly Incarcerated People’s Employment Reveal Labor Market Injustices, Wang & Bertram, Prison Policy Initiative 9/22
The impact of the Raise the Wage Act of 2023, Zipperer, EPI 7/23
Sick Workers Tied to 40% of Food Poisoning Outbreaks, C.D.C. Says, NY Times 6/23
Could 300,000 Job Openings Be Fake? Here’s Why Goldman Thinks They Might Be, Saul, Forbes 5/23
Racial Differences in Unemployment Insurance, Ananat & Gassman-Pines, EconoFact 4/23
Employment of “People with a Disability” Spiked to Record in Hot Labor Market, Richter, Wolf Street 2/3/23
Union membership rate 10.1% in 2022, down from 10.3% in 2021, but numbers up 1/23
Workplace Fatalities Hit Highest Rate Since 2016, Wells, Mfgnet 12/22
As Fed Pushes to ‘Get Wages Down,’ Study Shows CEO Pay Has Soared by 1,460% Since 1978 Workers pay rose by 18.1% between 1978 and 2021, Johnson, Common Dreams, 10/22
On the Clock and Tracked to the Minute, Kantor & Sundaram, NYT 8/15/22 “Offline work–doing math problems…reading printouts, thinking–didn’t register…”
Black Youth: More Likely to Need a Job, Less Likely to Get One, CEPR 8/22
Most Price Increases from Inflation Have Gone to Corporate Profits The inflation panic is causing some Democrats to pivot from social spending to deficit reduction. That’s exactly the wrong approach. / In These Times 5/22
Botched policy responses to globalization have decimated manufacturing employment with often overlooked costs for … workers of color, Scott etal, EPI 1/22
Union membership resumes its fall, Henwood, 1/22
Record number of minimum wage increases set for 2022, Gonzalez, Axios 12/21
The Great Escape The most vulnerable people in America have started the closest thing we’ve seen in a century to a general strike. Dayen, TAP 11/21
A record number of workers are quitting their jobs, empowered by new leverage Rosenberg, Wash.Post, 10/21
Quantifying the Impact of the Fight for $15: $150 Billion in Raises for 26 Million Workers…, Lathrop, Lester, & Wilson, NELP 7/21
Reforming unemployment insurance, EPI 6/21
Identifying the policy levers generating wage suppression and wage inequality, Mishel & Bivens, EPI 5/21
Bosses in the US Have Far Too Much Power to Lay Off Workers Whenever They Feel Like It, Sheehan, Jacobin, 6/20
Obsession With Fraud Sabotages U.S. Aid to Millions Without Jobs, Kochkodin, 5/20 Bloomberg
Replacing workers has many costs, Carleton, Conversation 4/20
You’re the Real Job Creator: An interview with Stephanie Kelton, N+1 4/20
What the historically low U.S. unemployment rate means for women workers, Cumming, Equitable Growth, 3/20
Low-wage work is more pervasive than you think” Ross & Bateman, Brookings, 11/19
Labor Historian Staughton Lynd’s Book Is Embraced by Google Workers and Uber Drivers, 10/19
The Military-Industrial Jobs Scam, Tomgram: Harris, Stimpson, and Freeman, 8/19
Black workers are being left behind by full employment, Perry, Brookings 6/19
Want to decrease suicide? Raise the minimum wage, researchers suggest, Cerullo, CBS News, 4/19
The Bogus Justification for Worker Non-Compete Clauses, Vaheesan, On Labor 4/19
Major Work Stoppages in 2018, BLS 2/19
Updated employment multipliers for the U.S. economy, Bivens, EPI 1/19
“…one new manufacturing job in the U.S. results in 7.4 new jobs in other industries. Whereas one new retail job creates just 1.2 new jobs.The only two industries with higher indirect job losses are utilities (9.6 to 1) and real estate and rental leasing (8.8 to 1).” J. Bivens, EPI GRAPHIC 1/19
How shareholder profits conquered capitalism – and how workers can win back its benefits for themselves, Brennan, Conversation, 10/18
Standards Go Out The Window As Employers Struggle To Fill Jobs,
Mystery of the Underpaid American Worker, Lindorff, Counterpunch 8/18
“In total, RTW laws have led to a 14.2% increase in occupational mortality through decreased unionisation.” Does ‘right to work’ imperil the right to health? The effect of labour unions on workplace fatalities, Zoorob Occup. Envir. Med. 6/18
Grand Theft Paycheck: wage theft is pervasive in Corporate America. Good Jobs First, 6/18
Contingent and Alternative Employment Arrangements —MAY 2017, BLS 6/18
Federal investigators this month identified the largest cluster of advanced black lung cases ever officially recorded.
Medicaid Work Requirement Would Harm Unemployed, Not Promote Work, Katch, CBPP 1/18
Seattle’s $15 Minimum Wage Experiment Is a Success, 1/18
Employment Hysteresis from the Great Recession, Yagan NBER 9/17
Where Have All the Workers Gone? An Inquiry into the Decline of the U.S. Labor Force Participation Rate, Krueger, Brookings 9/17
How today’s unions help working people: Giving workers the power to improve their jobs and unrig the economy, Bivens et al, EPI 8/17
US Opioid Use Linked To Unemployment, Moreno, ibtimes, 8/17 NBER studyNew Report Finds Corporate Tax Cuts Boost CEO Pay, Not Jobs, Anderson, IPS 8/17
Macroeconomic Conditions and Opioid Abuse, Hollingsworth et al, NBER 2/17
‘Superstar Firms’ May Have Shrunk Workers’ Share of Income, Cohen, NYT 3/17
Falling Labor Force Participation: Demographics or Lack of Jobs? Dantas & Wray 2/17
Economic Realities in America: By The Numbers, Pearle ABC News 1/17
American Marriage in the Time of the Recession, Campbell, Atlantic 11/16
Happy Labor Day! There Has Never Been a Middle Class Without Strong Unions, Schwarz, Intercept 9/16
Black Workers, Unions, and Inequality Bucknor, CEPR 8/16
When workers don’t get paid sick days, everyone else is more likely to get sick, Paquette, Wash. Post, 8/16
‘Middle class’ used to denote comfort and security. Not anymore Quart, Guardian 7/16
“There are three main reasons the vaunted economic recovery still feels false to so many. The first is the labor participation rate, which plunged at the start of the Great Recession and discounts the millions of Americans who have been out of work for six months or more. The second is “the 1099 economy,” … the soaring number of temps, contractors, freelancers, and other often involuntarily self-employed workers. The third is a surge in low-wage service jobs, coupled with a corresponding decrease in middle-class jobs.” Why America’s impressive 5% unemployment rate feels like a lie for so many Kendzior, Quartz 4/16
Business Leaders Have Abandoned the Middle Class, Haque, HBR, 6/16
Producing Poverty: The Public Cost of Low-Wage Production Jobs in Manufacturing Berkeley Labor Ctr 5/16
Report of 10,000 severe workplace injuries might be only half the problem, Wash. Post, 3/16
The missing puzzle piece of the global economic recovery is finally falling into place, Bird 6/15
State, Met. Area Employment and Unemployment Data, BLS
The Missing Piece of the Global Recovery
Interactive map: Unemployment rates by state, BLS
International Labor Comparisons, BLS
At Amazon.com “cheap” comes at a very hefty price, Hightower 8/14
Report Uncovers the Real Costs of Outsourcing Public Services, JwJ 3/14
Do You Have Job Fear? What’s Why We Need Full Employment, Johnson CAF 8/13
How Government spent your income taxes, National Priorities Project
How America Can Create Jobs, Andy Grove, Intel, BW 7/10
Unions and Other Community Groups Benefit Local Economic Development 8/09
Illegal Firings During Union Election Campaigns, CEPR 3/09
Conference Board Employment Trends Index
No-Benefit Jobs Leave Parents Struggling, H. Boushey, Sojourners, S/O 07
Unemployment may depress immune function, 4/07
Data–employment, earnings, family income, hours, prices, unionization
Finding the better fit: Receiving unemployment insurance increases likelihood of re-employment with health insurance, Heather Boushey
Ownership Society–Social Security Is Only the BeginningWray, Levy Inst.
Injuries to All [workplace injuries]